Mac 使用手册

学习任何主题，最好的方法就是：写一份教程。

硬件配置

• Mac mini M4
• 小米 4K 显示屏 / 戴尔 4K 显示屏
• 青龙 SKN4.0 三模机械键盘
• logi M240 蓝牙鼠标
• 妙控触控板

这个配置组合一下就暴露了刚刚从 Windows 阵营叛逃的身份。但是苹果的这边，暂时还没有找到称手的长键程键盘。

键盘布局

注意

苹果键盘上有两个 delete 键：

• 一个对应的是 Windows 键盘上的 Backspace 键，⌫ 回退删除
• 一个对应的是 Delete 键，⌦ 向前删除

苹果官网以及下面文章内容中介绍组合键时所说的 Delete 键，都是指代第一种情形。

如果你是像我一样，在苹果机器上使用的是一支 Windows 键盘，那么记得此时的 Delete 键，应该使用 ⌫ 回退删除。如果使用了错误的组合键，Mac 电脑会发出哒的警报声。

键盘符号

以下使用的键盘符号，全部是基于 Unicode 的文本符号。

• ⌘ (Command): This is the Place of Interest Sign (U+2318). Its original use was for locations of cultural interest, but Apple adopted it for the Command key.
• ⌫ (Delete/Backspace): This is the Erase to the Left symbol (U+232B). It visually represents the backspace action of deleting a character to the left of the cursor.
• ⌥ (Option): This is the Option Key symbol (U+2325). It's part of the Unicode block for Miscellaneous Technical symbols.
• ⌦ (Delete Forward): This is the Erase to the Right symbol (U+2326). It's used to represent the forward delete function, which removes the character to the right of the cursor.
• ⇧ (Shift): This is the Upwards White Arrow (U+21E7). It is used to indicate the Shift key.
• ⇪ (Caps Lock): This is the Upwards White Arrow from Bar (U+21EA). It represents the Caps Lock key.
• ⌃ (Control): This is the Up Arrowhead (U+2303). It is used for the Control key.
• ⎋ (Escape): This is the Broken Circle with Arrow (U+238B). It is the symbol for the Escape key.

Key repeat rate

You can increase the keyboard key repeat rate on macOS by going to System Settings > Keyboard and adjusting the Key repeat rate slider to the right.

Default

❯ defaults read NSGlobalDomain KeyRepeat
2
❯ defaults read NSGlobalDomain InitialKeyRepeat
15

• InitialKeyRepeat controls how long you must hold the key before it starts repeating (normal minimum is 15).
• KeyRepeat controls how fast it repeats once it starts (normal minimum is 2).

Accelerated

For an even faster rate beyond what the slider allows, you can use a terminal command:

defaults write -g KeyRepeat -int 1
defaults write -g InitialKeyRepeat -int 10

Reboot to take full effect.

Accepted Values

The KeyRepeat and InitialKeyRepeat parameters accept integer values (and sometimes floating-point values depending on the macOS version and context, though integers are standard).

• KeyRepeat: The accepted values are integers typically between 120 (slowest) and 2 (fastest via System Settings). Values of 1 (or possibly 0 on very old systems) are accepted via Terminal to go beyond the UI limit. Values between 1 and 2 (e.g., 1.5) are technically floating-point numbers and may not be reliably accepted or function correctly in all macOS versions, so it's best to stick with integers.
• InitialKeyRepeat: The range is typically between 120 (longest delay) and 15 (shortest delay via System Settings). Values between 10 and 15 (e.g., 10, 11, 12, 13, 14) are accepted via the Terminal and work as expected.

Units and Time Duration

The values for both KeyRepeat and InitialKeyRepeat are a multiplier of the keyboard's internal sampling interval, which is 15 milliseconds (ms).

The duration in time can be calculated with the following formula:

Duration in milliseconds = Parameter Value × 15 ms

Parameter	Value	Duration (ms)	Notes
KeyRepeat	2	30 ms	Fastest setting in System Settings
KeyRepeat	1	15 ms	Custom, faster setting via Terminal
InitialKeyRepeat	15	225 ms	Shortest delay in System Settings
InitialKeyRepeat	10	150 ms	Custom, faster setting via Terminal

Setting values too low (e.g., KeyRepeat to 1 or InitialKeyRepeat below 10) can cause issues such as accidental double inputs or difficulty logging in.

Finder 组合键

苹果官网 Mac keyboard shortcuts

新建

• ⇧ + ⌘ + N (Shift-Command-N): Create a new folder.

删除

记得这里的 Delete 指代 ⌫ 回退删除。

• ⌘ + ⌫ (Command-Delete): Move the selected item to the Trash.
• ⌥ + ⌘ + ⌫ (Option-Command-Delete):To bypass the Trash and permanently delete. A dialog box will appear asking you to confirm the action.
• ⇧ + ⌘ + ⌫ (Shift-Command-Delete): Empty the Trash.
• ⇧ + ⌥ + ⌘ + ⌫ (Option-Shift-Command-Delete): Empty the Trash without confirmation dialog.

移动

Mac 没有文件的剪切， ⌘ + X 不工作。

在 Mac 上叫做文件的移动。

你只需选中目标文件，然后使用 ⌘ + C 复制，然后用 ⌘ + ⌥ + V 将其移动到目标目录。

Excel 组合键

从源文件向目标文件复制、粘贴表格内容，希望保持目标文件的既定格式。

• ⌃ + ⌘ + V (Control-Command-V): Paste Special → Paste Values