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Alowree Xu2025-08-22
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使用 NeoMutt 在 macOS 终端中管理邮件 ​

本指南将引导你完成在 macOS 上配置邮件环境的整个过程，最终实现完全在终端中使用 NeoMutt 接收、查看、编辑、发送、回复、转发邮件。

配置环境如下：

  • 操作系统：macOS Sequoia Version 15.6.1 → macOS Tahoe 26.0.1
  • 终端命令行：iTerm2
  • 文本编辑器：Neovim
  • 邮件客户端：NeoMutt
  • 管理联系人：khard
  • 查看其他文件格式的小工具：w3m/zathura/imgcat

整个配置基于即时登录远程邮件服务器。当服务器邮件数量较多时，每次登录刷新邮件列表需要耗费一点时间，1000 封邮件大约是几秒或十几秒的样子。

目录结构 ​

为提高全套配置文件的可移植性，尽量把全部的配置文件放置在同一个目录下，主要的功能也采用模块化的配置文件。

bash
~/.config/neomutt/
├── neomuttrc                # Main config, sources everything else
├── settings                 # General settings (editor, options, etc.)
├── mappings                 # Keybindings and macros
├── mailcap                  # External program handlers (use env vars)
├── accounts/                # Account configs and signatures
└── themes/                  # Theme configs

其中，neomuttrc 是配置主要入口，文件内部引用另外的四个独立的配置文件：

  • settings
  • mappings
  • themes/dracula.muttrc
  • accounts/twine

配置了这四个文件之后，就可以在终端里顺畅地使用 NeoMutt 接收、查看、编辑、发送、回复、转发邮件，邮件客户端的基本功能已经具备。

最后的一个配置文件 mailcap 是在实现了最初的文本邮件的基本功能之后，再增加几个额外的功能，例如，在 NeoMutt 中查看 HMTL 格式的邮件，查看 PDF 格式的附件，查看图片格式的附件，等等。这个配置文件是在 settings 内部被引用。

安装工具 ​

在 macOS 系统上，我们使用 Homebrew 来安装所有必要的软件。打开你的终端，比如我使用的是 iTerm2，运行以下命令：

bash
brew install neomutt
brew install w3m zathura imgcat

配置文件 ​

按照建议的目录结构创建相应的目录和文件。

neomuttrc ​

主配置文件 ~/.config/neomutt/neomuttrc 作为主要入口，依次引入其他几个配置文件：

muttrc
# vim: filetype=muttrc

# Source general settings, mappings, and theme
source ~/.config/neomutt/settings
source ~/.config/neomutt/mappings
source ~/.config/neomutt/themes/dracula.muttrc

# Accounts
source ~/.config/neomutt/accounts/twine
folder-hook $folder source ~/.config/neomutt/accounts/twine

主文件依次分别引入基本配置、快捷键、主题颜色、默认邮箱帐户。子目录 themes 下有多个主题可选，这里设置使用了 dracula 主题；子目录 accounts 下有包含默认帐户 twine 在内的其他多个邮箱帐户，切换各个帐户的快捷键 F2、F3、F4 则定义在 mappings 里面。

settings ​

muttrc
# vim: filetype=muttrc

# Used when creating an email
set tmpdir = /tmp/$USER/neomutt       # Where to keep temp files

# set editor to Neovim
set editor = "nvim"

set imap_check_subscribed

# Set preferred view modes
# view html automatically
auto_view text/html text/calendar application/ics
alternative_order text/html text/plain text/enriched text/*

# Main options
set envelope_from
set edit_headers                     # show headers when composing
set fast_reply                       # skip to compose when replying
set askcc                            # ask for CC:
set fcc_attach                       # save attachments with the body
set forward_format = "Fwd: %s"       # format of subject when forwarding
set forward_decode                   # decode when forwarding
set attribution = "On %d, %n wrote:" # format of quoting header
set reply_to                         # reply to Reply to: field
set reverse_name                     # reply as whomever it was to
set include                          # include message in replies
set forward_quote                    # include message in forwards

# When enabled, NeoMutt creates emails with `text/plain; format=flowed`
# instead of just `text/plain`.
# This format uses spaces at the end of lines to indicate
# intentional line breaks vs. soft wrapping.
set text_flowed = yes

set sig_dashes = no                  # no default `-- ` dashes before signature
set sig_on_top = yes                 # signature shall always stick to your email body

unset mime_forward                   # forward attachments as part of body
# unset help                           # No help bar at the top of Index
unset confirmappend       # don't ask, just do!
set quit                  # don't ask, just do!
unset mark_old            # read/new is good enough for me
set beep_new              # bell on new mails
set pipe_decode           # strip headers and eval mimes when piping
set thorough_search       # strip headers and eval mimes before searching
set timeout = 0

# Status bar, date format, finding stuff etc.
set status_chars = " *%A"
set status_format = "[ Folder: %f ] [%r%m messages%?n? (%n new)?%?d? (%d to delete)?%?t? (%t tagged)? ]%>─%?p?( %p postponed )?"
set date_format = "%d.%m.%Y %H:%M"
set sort = reverse-date
set uncollapse_jump
set sort_re
set reply_regexp = "^(([Rr][Ee]?(\[[0-9]+\])?: *)?(\[[^]]+\] *)?)*"
set quote_regexp = "^( {0,4}[>|:#%]| {0,4}[a-z0-9]+[>|]+)+"
set send_charset = "utf-8:iso-8859-1:us-ascii"
set charset = "utf-8"
set arrow_cursor = "no"

# Pager View Options
# set use_threads = yes           # show email in threads in the Index
set pager_index_lines = 10      # show 10 lines of Index when Pager is active
set pager_context = 3           # lines of context between pages
set pager_stop
set menu_scroll
set tilde
unset markers                   # don't show + for wrapped lines in the pager

set mailcap_path = ~/.config/neomutt/mailcap

set header_cache = ~/.cache/mutt
set message_cachedir = ~/.cache/mutt

set query_command = "khard email --parsable --search-in-source-files '%s'"

set sidebar_format = "%B %<N?(%N)>%* %S"

注意要点如下：

  • editor 设置为调用 Neovim 用以编辑邮件头部和主体内容
  • query_command 设置使用 Tab 键搜索和补全联系人的电邮地址：主要使用在当编辑邮件头部的表单区域，例如 To:/Cc:/Bcc: 等位置，需要添加电邮地址的时候，随便打几个你依稀记得的收件人姓名或者电邮地址的若干字母，然后按 Tab 键就可一键补全，非常快捷实用

mappings ​

muttrc
# vim: filetype=muttrc

# General re-bindings
bind attach <return> view-mailcap
bind attach l view-mailcap
bind editor <space> noop
bind pager c imap-fetch-mail
bind index G last-entry
bind index g noop
bind index gg first-entry
bind pager,attach h exit
bind pager j next-line
bind pager k previous-line
bind pager l view-attachments
bind index D delete-message
bind index U undelete-message
bind index L limit
bind index h noop
bind index l display-message
bind browser h goto-parent
bind browser l select-entry
bind pager,browser gg top-page
bind pager,browser G bottom-page
bind index,pager,browser d half-down
bind index,pager,browser u half-up
bind index,pager R group-reply
bind index \031 previous-undeleted	# Mouse wheel
bind index \005 next-undeleted		# Mouse wheel
bind pager \031 previous-line		# Mouse wheel
bind pager \005 next-line		# Mouse wheel
bind editor <Tab> complete-query


# sidebar mappings
bind index,pager \Ck sidebar-prev
bind index,pager \Cj sidebar-next
bind index,pager \Cl sidebar-open
bind index,pager \Cp sidebar-prev-new
bind index,pager \Cn sidebar-next-new
bind index,pager B sidebar-toggle-visible

# global index and pager shortcuts
bind index,pager @ compose-to-sender
bind index,pager D purge-message
bind index <tab> sync-mailbox
bind index <space> collapse-thread

# Email completion bindings
bind editor <Tab> complete-query
bind editor ^T complete

# Press A to add contact to Khard address book
macro index,pager A \
    "<pipe-message>khard add-email<return>" \
    "add the sender email address to khard"

# Shortcuts to switch email account
macro index,pager <f2> '<sync-mailbox><enter-command>source ~/.config/neomutt/accounts/twine<enter><change-folder>!<enter>'
macro index,pager <f3> '<sync-mailbox><enter-command>source ~/.config/neomutt/accounts/soundfreaq<enter><change-folder>!<enter>'
macro index,pager <f4> '<sync-mailbox><enter-command>source ~/.config/neomutt/accounts/biaget<enter><change-folder>!<enter>'

注意要点如下：

  • Ctrl + o 在 macOS 下已另作他用，无法设定给 sidebar-open 使用，故更换为 Ctrl + l

配置签名 ​

  1. 创建 ~/.config/neomutt/signature，并在文件内添加签名内容。

  2. 在 NeoMutt 配置文件内添加签名的引用位置：

    # .config/neomutt/neomuttrc
set signature = "./sigature

管理联系人 ​

  1. 安装 khard

    bash
    brew install khard

  2. 在 NeoMutt 配置文件内添加关于 khard 的配置：

    # =============================================================================
# 通讯录 (Address Book)
# =============================================================================
# 设置 khard 为地址查询命令
set query_command = "khard email --parsable --search-in-source-files '%s'"

bind editor <Tab> complete-query

# 在邮件列表或邮件内容界面按 "A" 键，将发件人添加到 khard
macro index,pager A "<pipe-message>khard add-email<enter>" "Add sender to khard"

    这个配置成功之后，在撰写邮件、添加收件人时，只需先简单敲入几个字符，例如 mich，然后使用 Tab 可以自动补全收件人 Michael 的电邮地址 mchui@example.com（当仅有一个搜索匹配时），或弹出下拉列表供选择多个待选电邮（当存在多个搜索匹配时）。

FAQ ​

  1. How to re-edit a draft email in NeoMutt? By default, use R key to recall a postponed message. Since in my config, the R key has been remapped to group-reply, you can use command :recall-message directly to recall a postponed message. Not working!
  2. What is the difference between delete-message and purge-message? a. delete-message delete the current entry (into Trash) b. purge-message delete the current entry, bypassing the trash folder
  3. How to show your mailboxes in NeoMutt? Method 1: Using the mailbox browser In the index/pager view, press c to open the mailbox browser. To see a list of all mailboxes, press ?. These two steps are now combined into just one y. Use the arrow keys to navigate the list and press Enter to switch to the selected mailbox.
  4. How to add attachments to your email message?

参考 ​

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